石河子绿洲地表温度时空变化与城镇发展协调性分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0379

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 绿洲作为干旱-半干旱地区人类栖居与繁荣发展的重要场所,其独特的"冷岛效应"特征对于人居环境质量影响深远。基于Landsat遥感影像,采用辐射传输方程对石河子市2006、2011、2017和2021年地表温度(LST)进行反演计算得到冷岛指数,分析LST的空间自相关性;采用随机森林法分类提取土地利用信息,并使用归一化植被指数(NDVI)、归一化建筑指数(NDBI)、改进归一化水体指数(MNDWI)、裸土指数(SI)和归一化水汽指数(NDMI)5种遥感指数,结合数字高程模型(DEM)、坡度和夜间灯光等9种影响因子,基于地理探测器模型对石河子市LST空间分异性进行探测,最后采用协调性模型分析城镇发展与LST变化的协调程度。结果表明:(1)研究区建设用地逐年向四周扩张,在15 a间,其面积由83.42 km²扩张至164.05 km²,增长迅速;林地面积缓慢上升,而耕地、草地和水域面积则逐年下降。LST空间分布受土地利用类型影响剧烈,极高温、高温和中温区面积随城市扩张而上升,2006、2011、2017和2021年冷岛指数分别为0.53、0.47、0.39和0.35,冷岛强度自2017年下降速度达到最大,2021年下降速度减缓。(2)空间自相关分析结果表明,LST呈显著空间正相关关系。(3)因子探测结果表明,NDBI的q值最大,表明城镇发展对LST具有较强影响力;而交互探测结果表明,双因子交互对LST的影响大于单因子,其中,DEM ∩ NDMI和DEM ∩ NDBI对LST的解释力最大。(4)在城镇发展初期,LST变化超前于城镇发展,但在城镇发展后期,LST与城镇发展受到一定局限,LST变化滞后于城镇发展。

关键词: 地表温度, 地理探测器, 协调性模型, 冷岛效应

Abstract: As an important place for human habitation and prosperity development in arid and semi-arid regions, the oasis's unique "cold island effect" characteristics have profound impact on the quality of the environment for human living. Based on Landsat remote sensing images, the cold island index was calculated by inverse calculation for Shihezi City's land surface temperature (LST) in 2006, 2011, 2017, and 2021 using the radiation transfer equation model, and the spatial autocorrelation of LST was then analyzed. After extracting land use information by adopting random forest classification, based on the Geodetector model, nine types of data, including five remote sensing indicators, NDVI, NDBI, MNDWI, SI, and NDMI, and land use, DEM, slope, and night lighting data, were selected to detect the spatial heterogeneity of LST in Shihezi City. The degree of coordination between town development and LST was finally determined by using the coordination model. The outcomes of the study show that, the construction land increased in all directions with the total area growing from 83.42 km² to 164.05 km² within 15 years; forest land increased gradually, while cultivated land, grassland, and water areas decreased year by year. The spatial distribution of LST is strongly influenced by land use type. The areas of extremely high temperature, high temperature, and medium temperature zones increased with the expansion of the city. The cold island index of the four periods, was 0.53, 0.47, 0.39, and 0.35, respectively, and the cold island intensity reached the highest decline rate since 2017 and slowed in 2021. The examination of the spatial autocorrelation of LST reveals that LST had a strong positive and significant spatial correlation . The results of factor detection show that the q value of NDBI was the highest, indicating that town development had a strong influence on LST; while the interaction detection results show that the influence of the two-factor interaction on LST was greater than that of the single factor, with the explanatory power of DEM∩NDMI and DEM∩NDBI on LST being the highest. Finally, in the early stage of town development, LST changes ahead of town development, but in the late stage of town development, LST and town development were restricted in some extent, and LST changes laged behind the town development.

Key words: land surface temperature, Geodetector, coordination model, cold island effect

中图分类号:

张雪玲, 阿里木江·卡斯木, 梁洪武. 石河子绿洲地表温度时空变化与城镇发展协调性分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(3): 324-334.

ZHANG Xue-ling, KASIMU·Alimujiang, LIANG Hong-wu. Coordination Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variation of Land Surface Temperature and Urban Development in Shihezi Oasis[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(3): 324-334.

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