夏季水口水库近坝段水质变化及其影响因素分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0535

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 943-953.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0535

夏季水口水库近坝段水质变化及其影响因素分析

真翎¹, 谢蓉蓉^1,2,3, 石成春⁴, 刘继辉⁴, 江华⁵, 李家兵^1,2,3, 陈锦⁴, 田开迪¹

1. 福建师范大学环境与资源学院, 福建福州 350007;
2. 福建师范大学福建省污染控制与资源循环利用重点实验室, 福建福州 350007;
3. 数字福建环境监测物联网实验室, 福建福州 350007;
4. 福建省环境科学研究院, 福建福州 350013;
5. 福州市环境科学研究院, 福建福州 350013

收稿日期:2022-05-29 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-07-19
通讯作者: 陈锦,E-mail:942001809@qq.com E-mail:942001809@qq.com
作者简介:真翎(1998-),女,福建南平人,主要研究方向为流域污染物的迁移转化。E-mail:879972411@qq.com
基金资助:
福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项项目（2021R1015002，2021R1015001）；国家自然科学基金（42007343）；福建省自然科学基金（2021J01195）

Study on Water Quality Variation and the Influencing Factors of Near-dam Section of Shuikou Reservoir in Summer

ZHEN Ling¹, XIE Rong-rong^1,2,3, SHI Cheng-chun⁴, LIU Ji-hui⁴, JIANG Hua⁵, LI Jia-bing^1,2,3, CHEN Jin⁴, TIAN Kai-di¹

1. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;
2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;
3. Digital Fujian Environmental Monitoring Internet of Things Laboratory, Fuzhou 350007, China;
4. Fujian Academy of Environmental Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China;
5. Fuzhou Environmental Science Research Institute, Fuzhou 350013, China

Received:2022-05-29 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-07-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水库调度对库区水环境影响是流域生态保护的热点，尤其近坝段水环境状况直接影响下游流域生态环境。选择河道型深水水库闽江水口水库，于夏季50%下泄流量水文频率条件下，对水库近坝段进行水文水质同步监测，研究该水文条件下水质理化指标的三维分布及主要影响因素。结果表明：（1）近坝段监测断面平均流量分别为1 420和1 440 m³·s^-1，大坝下泄流量为1 227和1 207 m³·s^-1，区域出现明显横、纵向环流；（2）各水质理化指标三维分布主要受库区纵向和横向环流影响，研究区域水体表现为TN超标严重，中、底层水体缺氧和表、底层水体TP超标，水口大坝上游5.5 km处水体表现为底层富营养化；（3）近坝段水质理化指标分布受温度和蓝绿藻藻蓝蛋白量的影响较大。

关键词: 水库近坝段, 水文保证率, 水环境, 富营养化

Abstract: The impact of reservoir operation on water environment within the reservoir area is a hot topic for watershed ecological protection, especially for the near-dam section environment which directly affects the the downstream ecological environmental. In this study, a field monitoring of hydrology and water quality was conducted simultaneously in the near-dam section of the Shuikou Reservoir, to reveal the spatial distributions of key water quality physicochemical indexes and the main influencing factors under the condition of guaranteed 50% flow discharge rate. The observational results suggested a typical horizontal and vertical circulation pattern in the area, because the average near-dam rates of flow were measured as 1 420 and 1 440 m³·s^-1, respectively, while the rates of discharge from the dam were comparably lower with 1 227 and 1 207 m³·s^-1, respectively. The spatial distributions of the physical and chemical water quality indicators were primarily affected by both vertical and horizontal circulations in the reservoir area. The study area was featured with excessive TN, severe hypoxia in the middle and bottom layers, and excessive TP in the surface and bottom layers. The S3 section, located at 5.5 km upstream of the Shuikou Dam, was particularly eutrophic at the bottom. The distribution of water quality physicochemical indexes in the near-dam area was mainly affected by water temperature and blue-green algae abundance.

Key words: near-dam section of reservoir, hydrological guarantee rate, water environment, eutrophication

中图分类号:

X522
X142

真翎, 谢蓉蓉, 石成春, 刘继辉, 江华, 李家兵, 陈锦, 田开迪. 夏季水口水库近坝段水质变化及其影响因素分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(7): 943-953.

ZHEN Ling, XIE Rong-rong, SHI Cheng-chun, LIU Ji-hui, JIANG Hua, LI Jia-bing, CHEN Jin, TIAN Kai-di. Study on Water Quality Variation and the Influencing Factors of Near-dam Section of Shuikou Reservoir in Summer[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(7): 943-953.

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夏季水口水库近坝段水质变化及其影响因素分析

Study on Water Quality Variation and the Influencing Factors of Near-dam Section of Shuikou Reservoir in Summer

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