基于絮凝强化的微气泡气浮技术应急高效处理富营养化地表水

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0800

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对富营养化地表水突发水华及磷污染问题,研发了一种用于应急除藻除磷的基于絮凝强化的微气泡气浮技术,利用高速摄像技术揭示了装置内的微气泡尺寸和空间分布规律,对混凝剂种类、有效物质含量和投加量进行优化,实现了在投加单一混凝剂条件下对富营养化地表水藻类、总磷和浊度的高效去除。结果表明:所开发的气浮装置在溶气压力为0.32 MPa条件下可稳定产生微气泡,气泡在上升和水平流动过程中尺寸逐渐变大,但平均直径仍在适用于气浮除藻的最优范围(21.6~34.4 μm)。采用聚合氯化铝(PAC)为混凝剂(氧化铝含量w为29%、投加量为40 mg·L^-1)进行强化后,在该技术条件下,气浮时间设置为11.8 min,对富营养化地表水中藻、浊度、总磷、叶绿素a、COD的去除率分别达(93.2±1.7)%、(85.3±0.7)%、(79.4±2.0)%、(78.5±1.5)%和(58.9±13.5)%,实现了同步高效除藻除磷。

关键词: 高效混凝剂, 微气泡气浮, 富营养化, 地表水, 应急

Abstract: Aiming at algae blooms and phosphorus pollution in eutrophic surface water, a microbubble flotation device on basis of enhanced flocculation was developed for algae and phosphorus removal for emergency pollution control. The size and spatial distribution of microbubbles in the air flotation device were measured using a high-speed camera. The type, substance content and dosage of the coagulant were optimized to realize the efficient removal of algae and total phosphorus and reduction of turbidity. The results show that the developed air flotation device can generate stable microbubbles at the pressure of 0.32 MPa. The size of microbubbles increased gradually with the flow in ascending and horizontal directions, yet the mean diameter was within the optimal range of air bubbles for removal of algae (21.6-34.4 μm). When polyaluminum chloride (PAC) (alumina content: 29%, dosage: 40 mg·L^-1) was used as the coagulant, the removal efficiencies of algae, turbidity, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, and COD in the eutrophic surface water reached 93.2±1.7%, 85.3±0.7%, 79.4±2.0%, 78.5±1.5% and 58.9±13.5%, respectively, after a flocculation time of 11.8 min, demonstrating the simultaneous effective removal of algae and phosphorus by the developed microbubble flotation device.

Key words: high-efficiency coagulant, microbubble air flotation, eutrophication, surface water, emergency

中图分类号:

谷原, 郭仕禹, 赵文涛, 宛勇, 隋倩. 基于絮凝强化的微气泡气浮技术应急高效处理富营养化地表水[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(10): 1347-1353.

GU Yuan, GUO Shi-yu, ZHAO Wen-tao, WAN Yong, SUI Qian. High-efficiency Treatment of Eutrophic Surface Water by Flocculation-microbubble Air Flotation[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(10): 1347-1353.

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