乡村振兴背景下陕西省生态环境质量影响因素探究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0783

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态环境质量的优劣一定程度上决定着人类社会能否实现可持续发展，探明乡村发展对生态环境的作用方式及程度，对于区域实现乡村振兴和可持续发展具有一定的现实意义。以陕西省为研究对象，以县域为研究单元，利用长时间序列的遥感生态指数（RSEI）表征陕西省生态环境质量的时空变化特征与变化趋势，借助时空地理加权回归模型，探究生态环境质量的影响因素及其空间差异。研究表明：（1）2000-2020年生态环境质量整体呈向好趋势，RSEI值从2000年的0.483 3增长到2020年的0.651 2，生态环境质量等级为好、较好区域面积占比由40.14%上升至63.43%，集中分布在陕南山区及延安市；（2）生态环境质量从2000-2020年总体呈现"快速变好→缓慢转好"的演变趋势，生态环境质量改善区域面积远大于生态环境退化区域；（3）人口因子、土地因子和产业因子对生态环境的影响呈现明显的空间差异性，影响方式发生转变的因子有林地面积占比、农村居民点面积占比、单位面积化肥使用量和单位面积机械总动力。建议在未来发展过程中制定出分区域、科学合理的乡村振兴政策，以实现陕西省乡村发展与生态环境的协调发展。

关键词: 遥感生态指数(RSEI), 时空地理加权回归模型, 乡村振兴, 陕西省

Abstract: The quality of the ecological environment often determines whether human society can achieve sustainable development or not. It is of practical importance to explore how and to what extent rural development affects the ecological environment to achieve regional rural revitalization and sustainable development. Taking Shaanxi Province as the research object and counties as the research unit, the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) for a long time series was used to characterize the spatial and temporal changes and changing trends in ecological environment quality in the province. The factors influencing the quality and spatial differences in the ecological environment were explored with the help of spatial and temporal geographical weighted regression models. The study show that:(1) the overall changing trend of ecological environment quality from 2000 to 2020 was positive, with the RSEI value increasing from 0.483 3 in 2000 to 0.651 2 in 2020. The ecological environment quality grades were good and relatively good, with the percentage of areas increasing from 40.14% to 63.43%, which are concentrated in the mountainous areas of southern Shaanxi Province and Yan'an City. (2) The overall trend was a "rapid improvement → slow change for the better" from 2000 to 2020. The areas with an improved ecological environment are much larger than those with a degraded ecological environment. (3) The influence of the population, land, and industry factors on the ecological environment showed an obvious spatial variability. The main factors that affecting the influence mode were the proportion of forest land area, the proportion of rural settlement area, fertilizer use per unit area, and total mechanical power per unit area. It is suggested that a sub-regional, scientific, and rational rural revitalization policy should be formulated for the future development process to coordinate rural development and the ecological environment in Shaanxi Province.

Key words: remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), GTWR model, rural revitalization, Shaanxi Province

中图分类号:

X821
X2

杨悦, 赵雨, 员学锋, 高雪梅. 乡村振兴背景下陕西省生态环境质量影响因素探究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(11): 1399-1409.

YANG Yue, ZHAO Yu, YUAN Xue-feng, GAO Xue-mei. Study on the Factors Influencing Ecological Environment Quality in Shaanxi Province in the Context of Rural Revitalization[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(11): 1399-1409.

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