关键词: 内蒙古, 草原文化遗址, 气候变化

Abstract: Based on the daily meteorological observation data of the years from 1960 to 2010 at 32 meteorological observation stations in the relics regions of Genghis Khan Mausoleum, Yuan Dynasty Capital and Ganggyur Temple, typical of Inner Mongolia, comparative analysis was done of variations of the four meteorological factors, i.e. annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, aridity, and annual≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature, in the regions, using the linear trend estimation method and M-K nonparametric statistical validation method. Results show that generally, the climates in the three regions tended to be warmer and more arid, and during the 51 years, annual mean temperature and annual accumulated temperature displayed a rising trend, while annual precipitation a declining one. However, the changes varied between years and between regions. In terms of significance of the change for years in aridity, the three regions followed an order of the Genghis Khan Mausoleum >Yuan Dynasty Capital > the Ganggyur Temple , while in terms of mutation in annual mean temperature and annual precipitation, all the three regions experienced mutations in annual mean temperature, indicating that annual mean temperature fluctuated drastically, while phenomena of mutation in annual precipitation were found in the Yuan Dynasty Capital region and the Ganggyur Temple region, but not in the Genghis Khan Mausoleum region, indicating that the changes in annual precipitation were more obvious in the former two regions than in the latter. In terms of chronic sequence, the mutation in annual precipitation came later than that in annual mean temperature did.

Key words: Inner Mongolia, grassland culture relics, climate change