安徽鹞落坪国家级自然保护区乡村聚落空间演变驱动机制分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0823

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国不少自然保护区正面临生态保护与乡村振兴两大历史性任务,开展自然保护区乡村聚落空间演变驱动机制研究对协调保护区内乡村发展与生态保护具有重要意义。综合运用GIS技术、景观格局指数、核密度以及多元线性回归模型分析1999-2019年安徽鹞落坪国家级自然保护区(以下简称"鹞落坪保护区")乡村聚落空间演变驱动机制,结果表明,1999-2019年鹞落坪保护区聚落面积、斑块数量、单个斑块规模均呈增加趋势,聚落形态向复杂化、不规则状态转变,实验区新增聚落明显多于核心区和缓冲区,核心区聚落斑块不规则程度高于缓冲区和实验区;保护区聚落分布整体上呈北密南疏的特征,道路、水系和海拔指向性较为明显,高密度区呈增加趋势且逐渐连成一片,扩展和增加的高密度区基本位于实验区,缓冲区聚落集聚程度下降;聚落空间演变与海拔、坡度、坡向、距河流距离等自然条件有关,但经济发展、人均收入、交通条件、政策措施等社会经济因素具有更大的影响。该研究能够为规范和引导自然保护区内乡村建设提供有益的参考。

关键词: 自然保护区, 乡村聚落, 空间演变, 驱动机制

Abstract: Many nature reserves in China face the dual historical tasks of ecological protection and rural revitalization. To study the driving mechanism of spatial evolution of rural settlements in nature reserves is of great significance for coordinating rural development and ecological protection in nature reserves. Using GIS technology, landscape pattern index, kernel density and multiple linear regression model, the driving mechanism of spatial evolution of rural settlements in Yaoluoping Nature Reserve from 1999 to 2019 was analyzed. The results show as follows:1) the area, the number of patches and the size of individual patches of the Yaoluoping Nature Reserve showed an increasing trend over the 20 years, and the morphology of the settlements changed to a complex and irregular state, with significantly more new settlements in the experimental area than those in the core area and the buffer area, and the irregularity of the patches in the core area was higher than that in the buffer area and the experimental area. 2) The distribution of settlements in the nature reserve is characterized by dense in the north and sparse in the south, with obvious directionality of roads, water systems and altitude. The high-density areas showed an increasing trend and gradually merged as one area. The expanded and increased high-density areas were basically all located in the experimental area, and the agglomeration degree of settlements in the buffer area decreased. 3) The spatial evolution of settlements is related to natural conditions such as altitude, slope, aspect and distance from rivers, but social and economic factors such as economic development, per capita income, transportation conditions and policy measures have greater impacts. This study can provide a useful reference for standardizing and guiding rural construction in nature reserves.

Key words: nature reserve, rural settlement, spatial evolution, drive mechanism

中图分类号:

钱者东, 曹晓, 陈皓, 吕莹莹, 高军, 张昊楠. 安徽鹞落坪国家级自然保护区乡村聚落空间演变驱动机制分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(2): 207-213.

QIAN Zhe-dong, CAO Xiao, CHEN Hao, Lü Ying-ying, GAO Jun, ZHANG Hao-nan. Driving Mechanism of Spatial Evolution of Rural Settlements in the Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve, Anhui Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(2): 207-213.

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