稀土矿区不同土地利用类型土壤碱性磷酸酶基因细菌多样性及其群落特征

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过研究不同土地利用类型土壤碱性磷酸酶基因细菌多样性和群落结构,为离子型稀土矿区解磷细菌多样性丧失的影响机制提供参考。以矿区内弃耕地(尾水浇灌)为对照,采集矿区农田(部分尾水浇灌)以及泉水浇灌的蔬菜地、油茶地、脐橙地土壤样品,采用高通量测序技术分析phoD基因细菌群落特征,测定土壤理化性质,探究矿区土壤酸化及phoD基因细菌响应。结果表明,不同土地利用类型土壤pH值存在明显差异,尾水灌溉加剧了土壤的酸化程度,phoD基因细菌操作性分类单元(OTUs)、Shannon指数排序为蔬菜地>油茶地>脐橙地>农田>弃耕地。不同土地类型土壤phoD基因细菌群落结构存在明显差异,优势门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)和酸酐菌门(Acidobacteria)。弃耕地与农田土壤主导phoD基因细菌属分别为慢生根瘤菌(Bradyrhizobium,64.7%)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas,47.7%),且其土壤中Gemmata、Stella、未分类Planctomycetes、Rhodoplanes等菌属丰度均显著低于其他用地(P<0.05),pH值、有效磷含量与这些菌属丰度呈正相关。主成分分析显示,弃耕地与农田土壤phoD基因细菌群落较为类似,pH值、有效磷和硝态氮含量是影响不同土地利用类型phoD基因细菌群落结构的主要因子(P<0.05)。土壤有效磷含量与phoD基因细菌丰度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),尾水灌溉通过影响土壤中pH值、有效磷含量等理化性质进而影响phoD基因细菌群落结构及多样性。

关键词: 离子型稀土矿区, 碱性磷酸酶基因, 群落结构, 土地利用

Abstract: The bacterial diversity and community structure of soil alkaline phosphatase genes in different land use types were studied to provide a reference for the impact mechanism of the loss of bacterial diversity in ionic rare earth mining areas. Taking the abandoned farmland in the mining area (mine tail water irrigated) as the control, soil samples of parly tail water irrigated farmland and spring water irrigated vegetables, Camellia oleifera and Citrus reticulata were collected. In order to explore soil acidification and bacterial response of phoD gene. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial community characteristics of the phoD gene. The chemical properties of the soil were measured. The results show that there are significant differences in pH among different land use types. Tail water irrigation exacerbates soil acidification. The OTUs and Shannon index of phoD gene bacteria were in the order of vegetables land > Camellia oleifera land > Citrus reticulata Barco land > farmland > abandoned farmland. There were significant differences in phoD bacterial community structure among different land types. The dominant phyla are Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Acidobacteria. The dominant bacteria of abandoned farmland and farmland were Bradyrhizobium (64.7%) and Pseudomonas (47.7%), respectively. The abundance of Gemmata, Stella, unspecified Planctomycetes and Rhodoplanes in the two types of soil were significantly lower than that in soil of other lands (P<0.05). The pH and available phosphorus content were significantly and positively correlated with these bacteria. PCA analysis showes that phoD gene bacterial communities were similar between abandoned farmland soil and farmland soil (P<0.05). This study showes that there is a significant positive correlation between soil available phosphorus and phoD gene bacterial abundance. Tail water irrigation affected the community structure and diversity of phoD gene bacteria by affecting the physico-chemical properties of soil such as pH and available phosphorus content.

Key words: ionic rare earth mining area, alkaline phosphatase gene, community structure, land use

中图分类号:

杨贤房, 郑林, 陈朝, 万智巍, 陈永林, 王远东. 稀土矿区不同土地利用类型土壤碱性磷酸酶基因细菌多样性及其群落特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(6): 810-818.

YANG Xian-fang, ZHENG Lin, CHEN Zhao, WAN Zhi-wei, CHEN Yong-lin, WANG Yuan-dong. Community Characteristics of Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Bacteria in Soil of Different Land Use in Rare Earth Mining Area[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(6): 810-818.

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