基于生态系统服务价值评估的东江流域生态补偿研究

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.06.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生态补偿有利于协调区域经济发展与生态环境保护的关系。通过现场调研和数据分析，构建适用于东江流域的生态系统服务价值当量因子表，对东江流域生态系统服务价值进行评估，确定其生态补偿标准。引入生态补偿优先级（ECPS）指标对东江流域19县市生态补偿的迫切程度进行量化。结果表明：（1）东江流域生态系统服务总价值为1 711.41亿元，其中，森林生态系统价值占总价值的86.17%；一类生态服务中调节服务价值最显著；二类生态服务中水文调节功能价值最显著。（2）东江流域理论生态补偿总额度为1 047.26亿元，其中，森林生态系统补偿价值为880.21亿元，占总补偿额度的84.05%，是区域生态补偿的核心。（3）东江流域19县市生态补偿实际额度为68.73亿元，其中，东源县补偿额度最高，为16.76亿元。（4）东江流域19县市生态补偿优先级顺序为东源、安远、寻乌、紫金、新丰、连平、龙川、和平、定南、龙门、兴宁、惠东、博罗、惠阳、河源市区、惠州市区、增城市、东莞和深圳。

关键词: 生态价值当量, 生态系统服务价值, 生态补偿, 生态补偿优先级, 东江流域

Abstract:

Ecological compensation is conducive to coordinating the relationship between regional economic development and ecological environment protection. The equivalence factor method was used to evaluate the ecosystem service value of Dongjiang River Basin and the equivalent weight table of ecosystem service value of Dongjiang River Basin was conducted. Furthermore, according to the benefit range of ecosystem service function, the theoretical ecological compensation standard of Dongjiang River Basin was determined. Finally, the ecological compensation priority sequence (ECPS) was introduced to determine the urgency of ecological compensation in 19 counties and cities along Dongjiang River Basin and the ecological compensation standard of each county and city of Dongjiang River Basin was investigated. The results show that the total value of ecosystem services in Dongjiang River Basin is 171.141 billion yuan, in which the forest ecosystem value accounted for 86.17% of the total value. The regulating service is the most important function in the first ecological service types, and the hydrological regulation is the most significant function in secondary ecological service types. The total theoretical value of ecological compensation of Dongjiang River Basin is 104.726 billion yuan, in which the forest ecosystem compensation value is 88.021 billion yuan, accounting for 84.05% of the total compensation value. The forest ecosystem compensation value is the core of regional ecological compensation. The actual total amount of ecological compensation of 19 counties and cities of Dongjiang River Basin is 6.873 billion yuan, of which the amount for Dongyuan County is the highest at 1.676 billion yuan. The priority order of ecological compensation of 19 counties and cities in Dongjiang River Basin is Dongyuan > Anyuan > Xunwu > Zijin > Xinfeng > Lianping > Longchuan > Heping > Dingnan > Longmen > Xingning > Huidong > Boluo > Huiyang > Heyuan > Huizhou > Zengcheng > Dongguan > Shenzhen.

Key words: ecological value equivalent weight, ecosystem service valuation, ecological compensation, ecological compensation priority sequence (ECPS), Dongjiang River Basin

中图分类号:

X171.1

高振斌, 王小莉, 苏婧, 陈志凡, 郑明霞, 孙源媛, 纪丹凤. 基于生态系统服务价值评估的东江流域生态补偿研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(6): 563-570.

GAO Zhen-bin, WANG Xiao-li, SU Jing, CHEN Zhi-fan, ZHENG Ming-xia, SUN Yuan-yuan, JI Dan-feng. Ecological Compensation of Dongjiang River Basin Based on Evaluation of Ecosystem Service Value[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(6): 563-570.

参考文献

[1] DAILY G C.Nature's Services:Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems[J].Corporate Environmental Strategy,1997,6(2):220-221.
[2] COSTANZA R,D'ARGE R,GROOT R D,et al.The Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital[J].Nature,1997,387:253-260.
[3] 欧阳志云,王如松,赵景柱.生态系统服务功能及其生态经济价值评价[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(5):635-640.[OUYANG Zhi-yun,WANG Ru-song,ZHAO Jing-zhu.Ecosystem Services and Their Economic Valuation[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1999,10(5):635-640.]
[4] LOOMIS J B,KENT P,STRANGE L,et al.Measuring the Total Economic Value of Restoring Ecosystem Services in an Impaired River Basin:Results From a Contingent Valuation Survey[J].Ecological Economics,2000,33(1):103-117.
[5] 刘玉龙,马俊杰,金学林,等.生态系统服务功能价值评估方法综述[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2005,15(1):88-92.[LIU Yu-long,MA Jun-jie,JIN Xue-lin,et al.Summary of Assessment Methods for Valuation of Ecosystem Service Function[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2005,15(1):88-92.]
[6] 杨欣,蔡银莺,张安录.农田生态补偿理论研究进展评述[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(2):104-113.[YANG Xin,CAI Yin-ying,ZHANG An-lu.Review of Researches on Theories for Farmland Ecological Compensation[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2017,33(2):104-113.]
[7] 谢高地,鲁春霞,冷允法,等.青藏高原生态资源的价值评估[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):189-196.[XIE Gao-di,LU Chun-xia,LENG Yun-fa,et al.Ecological Assets Valuation of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2003,18(2):189-196.]
[8] 谢高地,甄霖,鲁春霞,等.一个基于专家知识的生态系统服务价值化方法[J].自然资源学报,2008,23(5):911-919.[XIE Gao-di,ZHEN Lin,LU Chun-xia,et al.Expert Knowledge Based Valuation Method of Ecosystem Services in China[J].Journal of Nature Resources,2008,23(5):911-919.]
[9] COSTANZA R,GROOT R D,SUTTON P,et al.Changes in the Global Value of Ecosystem Services[J].Global Environmental Change,2014,26:152-158.
[10] WANG W J,GUO H C,CHUAI X W,et al.The Impact of Land Use Change on the Temporospatial Variations of Ecosystems Services Value in China and an Optimized Land Use Solution[J].Environmental Science & Policy,2014,44:62-72.
[11] 鲁垠涛,唐常源,陈建耀,等.东江干流河水的来源、水质及水资源保护[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(2):367-372.[LU Yin-tao,TANG Chang-yuan,CHEN Jian-yao,et al.Water Source,Quality and Aquatic Environment Protection of Dongjiang River[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2008,16(2):367-372.
[12] 朱小立,欧立春.赣州市土地利用与生态环境建设协调研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(6):3019-3020.[ZHU Xiao-li,OU Li-chun.Study on Coordination Between Land Use and Ecological Environment Construction in Ganzhou City[J].Journal of Anhui Agricutural Sciences,2010,38(6):3019-3020.]
[13] 黎夏.珠江三角洲发展走廊1988-1997年土地利用变化特征的空间分析[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(3):307-315.[LI Xia.Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Land Use Patterns in the Development Corridor of the Pearl River Delta in 1988-1997[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2004,19(3):307-315.
[14] 陈晓宏,王兆礼.东江流域土地利用变化对水资源的影响[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,46(3):311-316.[CHEN Xiao-hong,WANG Zhao-li.Land Use Change and Its Impact on Water Resources in East River Basin,South China[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2010,46(3):311-316.]
[15] 谢高地,张彩霞,张雷明,等.基于单位面积价值当量因子的生态系统服务价值化方法改进[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(8):1243-1254.[XIE Gao-di,ZHANG Cai-xia,ZHANG Lei-ming,et al.Improvement of the Evaluation Method for Ecosystem Service Value Based on Per Unit Area[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(8):1243-1254.]
[16] 许丽丽,李宝林,袁烨城,等.基于生态系统服务价值评估的我国集中连片重点贫困区生态补偿研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2016,18(3):286-297.[XU Li-li,LI Bao-lin,YUAN Ye-cheng,et al.A Study on Eco-Compensation Based on Eco-Service Assessment in 14 Contiguous Destitute Areas of China[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2016,18(3):286-297.
[17] 孙贤斌,黄润.基于GIS的安徽省会经济圈区域生态补偿优先等级研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(1):152-155.[SUN Xian-bin,HUANG Run.Study on Priority Sequence of Regional Ecological Compensation for the Capital City Economic Circle of Anhui Province Based on GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(1):152-155.]
[18] 刘青.江河源区生态系统服务价值与生态补偿机制研究:以江西东江源区为例[D].南昌:南昌大学,2007.[LIU Qing.Study on the Value of Riverhead Area Ecosystem Service and Eco-Compensation Mechanism:A Case Study of Dongjiang Riverhead Area[D].Nanchang:Nanchang University,2007.]
[19] 段锦,康慕谊,江源.东江流域生态系统服务价值变化研究[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(1):90-103.[DUAN Jin,KANG Mu-yi,JIANG Yuan.Dynamic Valuation on Ecosystem Services of Dongjiang River Basin[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2012,27(1):90-103.]
[20] 郑敏.基于土地利用/覆被差异的生态补偿:以广东省为例[D].广州:广州大学,2010.[ZHENG Min.Ecological Compensation Based on the Diversity of Land Use/Cover:Take Guangzhou for Example[D].Guangzhou:Guangzhou University,2010.]
[21] 崔树彬,李杰,严黎.珠江水系东江流域上下游生态补偿机制[J].水资源保护,2015,31(6):27-31.[CUI Shu-bin,LI Jie,YAN Li.Upstream and Downstream Ecological Compensation Mechanism in Dongjiang River Basin in Pearl River Water System[J].Water Resources Protection,2015,31(6):27-31.]
[22] 林家淮,欧书丹,刘良源.东江源区森林涵养水源、固碳制氧价值估算[J].江西科学,2009,27(2):247-250.[LIN Jia-huai,OU Shu-dan,LIU Liang-yuan.Ecological Value Assessment of Forestry Resource at Headwaters of Dongjiang River[J].Jiangxi Science,2009,27(2):247-250.]
[23] 李晓赛,朱永明,赵丽,等.基于价值系数动态调整的青龙县生态系统服务价值变化研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(3):373-381.[LI Xiao-sai,ZHU Yong-ming,ZHAO Li,et al.Ecosystem Services Value Change in Qinglong County From Dynamically Adjusted Value Coefficients[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2015,23(3):373-381.]
[24] 李晓光,苗鸿,郑华,等.生态补偿标准确定的主要方法及其应用[J].生态学报,2009,9(8):4431-4440.[LI Xiao-guang,MIAO Hong,ZHENG Hua,et al.Main Methods for Setting Ecological Compensation Standard and Their Application[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(8):4431-4440.]
[25] 张琨,吕一河,傅伯杰.黄土高原典型区植被恢复及其对生态系统服务的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(1):23-31.[ZAHNG Kun,LÜ Yi-he,FU Bo-jie.Vegetation Restoration and Its Influences on Ecosystem Services in Areas Typical of the Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2017,33(1):23-31.]
[26] 谢高地,张彩霞,张昌顺,等.中国生态系统服务的价值[J].资源科学,2015,37(9):1740-1746.[XIE Gao-di,ZHANG Cai-xia,ZHANG Chang-sun,et al.The Value of Ecosystem Services in China[J].Resources Science,2015,37(9):1740-1746.]
[27] 任斐鹏,江源,熊兴,等.东江流域近20年土地利用变化的时空差异特征分析[J].资源科学,2011,33(1):143-152.[REN Fei-peng,JIANG Yuan,XIONG Xing,et al.Characteristics of the Spatial-Temporal Differences of Land Use Changes in the Dongjiang River Basin From 1990 to 2009[J].Resources Science,2011,33(1):143-152.]
[28] 孔凡斌.江河源头水源涵养生态功能区生态补偿机制研究:以江西东江源区为例[J].经济地理,2010,30(2):299-305.[KONG Fan-bin.Eco-Compensation Mechanism for Ecological Function Conservation Zones in the Headwaters:A Case Study of Dongjiang Riverhead Region in Jiangxi Province[J].Economic Geography,2010,30(2):299-305.]
[29] 廖志娟,傅春,胡小飞.基于生态系统服务功能的江西省生态补偿空间选择研究[J].生态经济,2016,32(8):175-179.[LIAO Zhi-juan,FU Chun,HU Xiao-fei.Research on the Spatial Choice of Ecological Compensation in Jiangxi Province Based on the Ecosystem Service Function[J].Ecological Economy,2016,32(8):175-179.]
[30] 赖敏,吴绍洪,尹云鹤,等.三江源区基于生态系统服务价值的生态补偿额度[J].生态学报,2015,35(2):227-236.[LAI Min,WU Shao-hong,YIN Yun-he,et al.Accounting for Eco-Compensation in the Three-River Headwaters Region Based on Ecosystem Service Value[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(2):227-236.]