黄土丘陵区不同植被类型土壤细菌群落多样性特征

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0106

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植被类型影响陆地生态系统的结构、功能及景观格局变化，也深刻地影响着土壤微生物群落的结构与功能。选取黄土丘陵区的坡耕地、淤地坝农地、果园、人工柠条灌丛、人工刺槐林、退耕地、铁杆蒿草地、杠柳群落灌丛、狼牙刺灌丛和侧柏林10种植被类型样地，采用高通量测序技术研究不同植被类型下土壤细菌群落组成结构及其潜在功能特征，并探讨了土壤理化性质与土壤细菌群落间的相关性。结果表明，变形菌门、放线菌门为土壤细菌群落的绝对优势类群，其次包括酸杆菌门、绿湾菌门、芽单胞杆菌门、拟杆菌门和疣微菌门等次优势类群；天然植被类型的土壤细菌群落α多样性指数略大于人工植被类型，但仅有基于丰度的覆盖率估计指数（ACE）在不同植被类型土壤细菌群落间存在显著差异（P<0.05）；基于优势属的相似性聚类分析发现，土壤细菌群落间相似度与植被类型特征关联密切；未知功能及氨基酸转运和代谢是土壤细菌群落的优势功能类群；冗余分析表明，全碳含量、全氮含量、有机碳含量、电导率、pH值、硝态氮含量和土壤水分含量是影响土壤细菌群落的关键环境因子；相关性热图分析表明优势属类群与环境因子间存在显著的相关关系；植被类型对土壤细菌群落组成结构和功能具有重要的影响，土壤微生物群落特征表现出其对植被类型的优势种生物学特性、植被演替、土壤性质和人为管理方式等方面的综合响应。因此，植被类型是影响黄土丘陵区土壤细菌群落结构和功能的重要驱动因素。

关键词: 植被类型, 土壤微生物, 高通量测序, 多样性, 环境因子

Abstract: Vegetation types affect the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems and landscape patterns, as well as the structure and function of soil microbial communities. This study selected 10 vegetation types including slope farmland, check-dam farmland, orchard garden, artificial caragana korshinskii shrubland, artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest, abandoned farmland, Artemisia sacrorum grassland, Periploca sepium shrubland, Sophora viciifolia shrubland, and Platycladus orientalis forest for sampling in the loess hilly region. Soil physico-chemical analysis and soil microorganisms 16srRNA gene using high-throughput sequencing technologies analysis were used to reveal the characteristics of the soil bacterial community structure and function, and to identify the relationship between environmental factors and soil microbial community among different vegetation types. The results showed that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant groups of soil microorganisms in the soil bacterial community, followed by Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia. The α diversity index of soil bacterial community under natural vegetation types was slightly higher than that under artificial vegetation types, but only ACE index of soil bacterial communities had significant differences among different vegetation types (P<0.05). The similarity clustering analysis based on genus level reflected that the similarity relationship of different soil bacterial communities can objectively related to the characteristic of different vegetation types. Unknown function, and amino acid transport and metabolism were the dominant functional groups in the soil bacterial community. RDA analysis showed that total carbon, total nitrogen, organic carbon, electrical conductivity, pH, nitrate nitrogen, and soil moisture were the key environmental factors which affected soil bacterial community. Correlation heatmap analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the dominant genera and environmental factors. Vegetation types had an important influence on the composition and function of soil bacterial community. The characteristics of soil microbial community showed a comprehensive response to the biological characteristics of dominant species, vegetation succession, soil properties, and human management of different vegetation types. Therefore, vegetation types is an important driving factor for soil bacterial community structure and function in the Loess Hilly Region.

Key words: vegetation types, soil microbe, high-throughput sequencing, diversity, environmental factor

中图分类号:

Q398

张健, 徐明. 黄土丘陵区不同植被类型土壤细菌群落多样性特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(2): 225-235.

ZHANG Jian, XU Ming. Characteristic of Soil Bacterial Community Diversity among Different Vegetation Types in the Loess Hilly Region[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(2): 225-235.

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