新污染物环境监测国际实践及启示

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0293

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 开展新污染物环境监测是掌握新污染物的环境暴露水平、治理新污染物的重要手段。发达国家和地区已在化学物质环境管理和地表水环境质量评估框架下，建立了新污染物调查与监测制度，并运用靶向非靶向筛查及监测技术，对环境内分泌干扰物（EDCs）、持久性有机污染物（POPs）、微塑料、环境持久性药物等新污染物开展了监测与评估，构建了监测数据平台，有力推动了新污染物的环境与健康风险防控。我国目前的新污染物监测主要在科学研究层面开展，建议尽快确立新污染物监测制度、构建新污染物监测网络，借鉴国外经验建立环境筛查监测、风险评估监测和跟踪监测3个层次的新污染物监测程序并制定监测方案，明确各层次监测目的、对象、区域和主要技术方法，同时不断加强新污染物监测技术研究，增强新污染物监测能力，全面支撑新污染物监测和治理工作。

关键词: 新污染物, 环境筛查监测, 风险评估监测, 跟踪监测

Abstract: Monitoring of the environmental exposure level of emerging pollutants (EPs) is an important way to ascertain the pollution condition and control the risks of EPs. Developed countries and regions have established survey and monitoring system for EPs under the framework of chemical environmental management regulation and the surface water environmental quality assessment. The targeted and non-targeted screening and monitoring technologies were used to monitor and evaluate EPs such as endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), microplastics and environmental persistent drugs et.al. The monitoring results, as well as the monitoring data platform have effectively promoted the prevention and control of environmental and health risks of EPs. In China, the monitoring of EPs is mainly at the level of scientific research. It is recommended that China should establish EPs monitoring system and develop the monitoring network as soon as possible. Based on foreign experiences, a three-level monitoring program for EPs, including screening, risk assessment and supervision should be established. Further, the monitoring aim, objective, region and the main technical methods need to be clarified on all levels. Meanwhile, the researches on EPs monitoring technology need to be constantly carried out in order to strengthen the EPs monitoring technical competence, and fully supporting the monitoring and treatment of EPs.

Key words: emerging pollutants(EPs), EPs screening monitoring, EPs risk assessment monitoring, EPs scouting monitoring

中图分类号:

X592

周林军, 梁梦园, 范德玲, 邢维龙, 汪贞, 古文, 王蕾, 刘济宁, 石利利. 新污染物环境监测国际实践及启示[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(12): 1532-1539.

ZHOU Lin-jun, LIANG Meng-yuan, FAN De-ling, XING Wei-long, WANG Zhen, GU Wen, WANG Lei, LIU Ji-ning, SHI Li-li. International Practices and Enlightenment for Environment Monitoring of Emerging Pollutant[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(12): 1532-1539.

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