关键词: 生态环境质量, 遥感生态指数, 地理探测器, 影响因子, 沣河流域

Abstract: It is essential to accurately assess the quality of ecological environment through remote sensing data, which is of great importance to decision-making guidance for regional ecological environmental protection and sustainable development. Taking the Fenghe River watershed as the research object, the indicators of greenness, humidity, dryness, and heat were extracted from the Landsat remote sensing images and coupled into the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) to analyze the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of the ecological environment in the Fenghe River watershed over the past 20 years. Then, the spatial clustering distribution pattern of the ecological environment quality in the study area was analyzed through spatial autocorrelation analysis. At the same time, geographic detector was used to explore the dominant and interactive factors affecting the regional ecological environment. The results show the following, (1) The mean RSEI values of the Fenghe River watershed in 2001, 2005, 2011, 2015, and 2021 were 0.543, 0.600, 0.634, 0.668, and 0.649, respectively, indicating that the ecological environment in the study area improved during 2001-2015 and slightly degraded during 2015-2021. (2) The value of global Moran's I ranged from 0.767 to 0.887, showing that the spatial distribution of the ecological environmental quality in the Fenghe River watershed had a significant positive correlation. In addition, the high-high value (H-H) agglomerations were distributed in the southern part of the study area such as Luanzhen subdistrict, while the low-low value (L-L) agglomerations were mainly distributed in Wangsi subdistrict and other northern areas with high urbanization levels. Over the past 20 years, the area of the L-L agglomerations decreased obviously at first and then increased slightly. (3) The ecological environment quality of the Fenghe River watershed was not the result of the action of a single factor, but the result of enhancement after the interaction of multiple factors. For enample, the synergistic effect was significantly strengthened after the dryness indicator interacted with other factors in 2015, suggesting that the bare soil and building area had the greatest impact on the ecological environment in the Fenghe River watershed. In future development, land-use should be rationally planned to realize the coordinated development of the river watershed economy and the natural environment in the Fenghe River watershed.

Key words: ecological environment quality, remote sensing ecological index, geographic detector, influence factor, Fenghe River watershed