二氧化锰/氨基改性生物炭对铅、镉复合污染土壤的钝化修复研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0499

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提升生物炭在Pb、Cd复合污染土壤中的钝化修复能力,以稻秆为原料制备生物炭(BC),采用二氧化锰/氨基联合改性的方式得到改性生物炭(MNBC),对采用MNBC钝化修复后的土壤基本理化性质以及重金属有效态和形态进行分析,并深入分析生物炭对重金属的钝化作用机制。结果表明,MNBC的添加能有效提高土壤pH、EC和有机质含量,且提高效果随生物炭施加量的增加而增加。二氧化锰/氨基改性显著提升生物炭的钝化性能,且生物炭对Pb的钝化效率大于Cd,施加0.6%的MNBC可使土壤中有效态Pb和Cd含量分别降低67.2%和47.6%,降幅分别为BC的2.64和3.63倍。MNBC能有效改变重金属化学形态,使土壤中酸溶态Pb和Cd含量分别减少10.0%和18.0%,而残渣态Pb和Cd含量分别增加12.6%和9.1%。研究结果表明MNBC是一种高效的土壤重金属钝化材料。

关键词: 二氧化锰, 氨基, 生物炭, 铅, 镉, 钝化

Abstract: Heavy metal contamination in soil has long been a focus of attention in the global environmental field. Heavy metal passivation remediation technology is a promising treatment technology. Biochar becomes a focus of research on heavy metal contaminated soil passivation remediation methods because of its green, efficient, and low-cost treatment characteristics. Furthermore, biochar demonstrated numerous benefits in terms of improving soil pH and organic carbon content, increasing soil water-holding capacity, lowering heavy metal active ingredients, and so on. To enhance the passivation remediation ability of biochar for Pb and Cd composite contaminated soil, rice straws were used as feedstock to prepare biochar (BC), and MNBC was obtained by BC modified with manganese dioxide and amino groups. The effect of the modification method and the addition amount of biochar on the basic physical and chemical properties of soil (pH, EC, organic matter, etc.) were studied. The changes in soil heavy metal availability and heavy metal chemical form (acid-soluble state, reducible state, oxidizable state, residue state) were analyzed. The results show that with the increase of the application of MNBC, the pH, EC, and organic matter of the soil increased. Manganese dioxide/ amino modification significantly enhances the passivation performance of biochar. The application of 0.6% MNBC reduced 67.2% and 47.6% of the soil available Pb and Cd, respectively, i.e. 2.64- and 3.63-times that of BC. MNBC can effectively change the chemical forms of heavy metals by reducing 10.0% and 18.0% of soil available Pb and Cd, and increasing 12.6% and 9.1% of soil residual Pb and Cd, respectively. Overall, the addition of biochar significantly reduces the Pb and Cd in the soil and improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil. MNBC is an efficient material for passivation of Pb and Cd in soil.

Key words: manganese dioxide, amino group, biochar, lead, cadmium, passivation

中图分类号:

X712
X53

郭炳跃, 杨锟鹏, 张璟, 戴俊成, 程知言, 张亚平. 二氧化锰/氨基改性生物炭对铅、镉复合污染土壤的钝化修复研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(3): 422-428.

GUO Bing-yue, YANG Kun-peng, ZHANG Jing, DAI Jun-cheng, CHENG Zhi-yan, ZHANG Ya-ping. Research on the Remediation Effect of Manganese Dioxide/Amino-modified Biochar on Pb and Cd Composite Contaminated Soil[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(3): 422-428.

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