青海省祁连县不同生境蝶类群落特征与月度变化规律

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0130

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2016-2017年对青海省祁连县的5种生境（农田生境、草原生境、河漫滩生境、高寒灌丛草甸生境和森林生境）中蝴蝶的群落特征以及月度变化规律进行了调查，结果表明：不同生境中蝶类的相似性有所差异，表现为河漫滩和森林生境的相似性系数最高（0.516），其次是农田和草原生境（0.513），相似性系数最低的为农田和高寒灌丛草甸生境（0.250），农田和森林生境、高寒灌丛草甸和森林生境的相似性系数也较低，分别为0.257和0.286；在高寒灌丛草甸、草原和森林生境中蝶类的多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数较高，在森林生境中蝶类的多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数最低；优势度指数从高到低依次为草原（0.259）、森林（0.246）、农田（0.230）、河漫滩（0.213）和高寒灌丛草甸生境（0.129）；蝴蝶多样性指数、优势度指数和丰富度指数在部分月份间具有显著差异（P<0.05），均匀度指数在各月间没有显著差异。不同生境的蝶类相似性系数、多样性指数、优势度指数和丰富度指数主要与海拔梯度、植被类型和植物构成密切相关；不同月份蝴蝶各指数间的差异性取决于植物的物候期和温度差异等因素。

关键词: 蝶类, 群落特征, 生境, 差异, 祁连县

Abstract:

During the period of 2016-2017, the community characteristics and monthly changes of butterflies in five habitats of Qilian County, Qinghai Province were investigated. The five habitats include cultivated land habitat, steppe habitat, alluvial flat habitat, alpine shrub meadow habitat and forest habitat. The results are as follows:the similarity of butterflies in different habitats was different. The similarity index of alluvial flat habitat and forest habitat was the highest (0.516), followed by cultivated land habitat and steppe habitat(0.513), the lowest similarity index was for cultivated land habitat and alpine shrub meadow habitat(0.250), and the similarity index of cultivated land habitat and forest habitat, alpine shrub meadow habitat and forest habitat were also lower, 0.257 and 0.286, respectively. The diversity index, evenness index and richness index of butterflies in alpine shrub meadow habitat, steppe habitat and forest habitat were relatively high, and the diversity index, evenness index and richness index of butterflies in forest habitat were the lowest, and the dominance index from high to low were steppe habitat(0.259), forest habitat(0.246), cultivated land habitat(0.230), alluvial flat habitat(0.213) and alpine shrub meadow habitat(0.129). The diversity index, dominance index and richness index of butterflies had significant differences in some months(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the evenness index between the months. The butterfly similarity index, diversity index, dominance index and richness index in different habitats were closely related to the elevation gradient, the vegetation type and the plant composition. The difference between butterflies in different months depended on the phenological phase of the plant and temperature difference.

Key words: butterfly, community characteristics, habitat, difference, Qilian County

中图分类号:

X82
Q958

李雷雷, 鲍敏, 张营, 马本双, 旦智措, 陈振宁. 青海省祁连县不同生境蝶类群落特征与月度变化规律[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(4): 484-490.

LI Lei-lei, BAO Min, ZHANG Ying, MA Ben-shuang, DAN Zhi-cuo, CHEN Zhen-ning. The Community Characteristics and Monthly Variation Patterns of Butterfly Species in Qilian County, Qinghai Province, China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(4): 484-490.

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