社会-生态耦合分析视角下普达措国家公园生物多样性价值评估

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0492

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于社会-生态耦合分析视角,评估生态系统服务并量化服务间的权衡与协同作用对生态系统服务研究和国家公园规划管理具有理论与实践意义。以中国普达措国家公园为研究对象,采用SolVES模型和InVEST模型,构建感知生物多样性价值与生境质量的耦合度/耦合协调度模型,并结合热点分析工具得出社会-生态热点图,综合评估研究区生物多样性价值。结果表明:(1)感知生物多样性价值高值区呈现"多核心、多条状"的空间格局,与距道路远近以及距水体远近呈显著负相关关系,与海拔高低呈显著正相关关系,且在有林地的价值指数达到最大。(2)研究区生境质量的空间格局呈现"中部、中南部和东北部高而西部和东部低"的分布特征;其中,山区林地草地多为生境质量高值区,河谷平坝地区多为生境质量低值区。(3)感知生物多样性与生境质量的耦合度属于高水平耦合,两者处于良好协调的中级水平阶段,且耦合协调类型为社会滞后型。(4)社会-生态热点区域主要位于公园西南部,形成"单条状"分布特点,部分零星分布于东北部。相比之下,社会-生态冷点区域比较集中,主要位于公园东部,属于尼汝河下游流域。该研究可为重构生物多样性研究的理论框架以及生物多样性保护、调控与管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 生物多样性, SolVES模型, InVEST模型, 社会-生态系统, 国家公园, 耦合

Abstract: Evaluating ecosystem services and quantifying the trade-offs and synergies between those services on the bases of the coupled social-ecological system, have theoretical and practical significance for ecosystem services research and national park planning and management. Taking China's Pudacuo National Park as the research site, this article employs the SolVES and InVEST models to construct the coupling coordination degree model between perceived biodiversity value and habitat quality and comprehensively evaluates biodiversity value using Getis Ord G _i^* to obtain social-ecological hotspots. The results show that:(1) The hotspots of perceived biodiversity value exhibit a "multi-core and multi-strip" spatial pattern, with a significant negative correlation with distance to roads and water bodies, a significant positive correlation with altitude, and its value index reaches its maximum in forest land. (2) The habitat quality index is high in the central, southern, and northeastern regions, low in the western and eastern regions; the high-value areas of habitat quality are found in forest land and grassland in the mountainous areas, while the low-value areas are found in the valley and plain areas. (3) The coupling degree between perceived biodiversity value and habitat quality is at the high-level stage. Their coupling ordination degree is at the middle-level stage of good coordination. The coupling coordination category belongs to the social lag ecotype. (4) Social-ecological hotspots are concentrated in the park's southwest part and forming a "single strip" distribution pattern, and some of the hotspots are distributed in the northeast. In contrast, the social-ecological coldspots are relatively concentrated and mainly located in the lower reaches of Niru River in the east of the park. This study provides a scientific basis for reconstructing the theoretical framework of biodiversity assessment and biodiversity protection, regulation, and management.

Key words: biodiversity, SolVES, InVEST, social-ecological system (SES), national park, coupling

中图分类号:

X87
P901

潘健峰, 马月伟, 陈艳, 蔡思青, 陈玉美. 社会-生态耦合分析视角下普达措国家公园生物多样性价值评估[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(5): 609-620.

PAN Jian-feng, MA Yue-wei, CHEN Yan, CAI Si-qing, CHEN Yu-mei. Biodiversity Assessment of Pudacuo National Park from the Perspective of Coupled Social-ecological System[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(5): 609-620.

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