生物多样性对人类福祉贡献评估:以钱江源地区为例

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0773

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于生物多样性对人类福祉贡献的指标体系,在钱江源地区开展生物多样性与人类福祉关系定量评估。结合统计、遥感、地面调查等多源数据,基于生物多样性对人类福祉贡献的视角,从物质贡献、生态调节贡献、文化精神贡献3个方面,分别对一级、二级和三级指标进行评估,分析生物多样性对人类福祉贡献的空间分布差异和动态变化。结果表明,研究区人类福祉指数空间异质性较强,主要是由于自然资源差异所致;人类福祉指数整体以开化县、玉山县水平较高,开化县主要体现在生态调节贡献较高,玉山县主要体现在物质供给和精神文化贡献较高。物质、调节、精神文化3个方面的时空分布差异较大,物质贡献整体呈逐渐增加趋势,其中玉山县是物质供给水平最高且增长速度最快的县域;生态调节贡献整体呈先增加后降低趋势,其中以开化县、婺源县、休宁县贡献水平较高,这3个地区自然资源优势突出,森林生态系统面积较大;精神文化贡献指数受人文主观因素影响较大,其中玉山县游憩指数表现突出。近20 a人类福祉整体呈先增加后降低的趋势,其中玉山县一直呈增长趋势,且增长速度最快,主要体现在物种供给水平增长,物种供给增长是该评价指标体系中对人类福祉增长贡献效果最显著的指标。

关键词: 生物多样性, 人类福祉, 物质贡献, 生态调节贡献, 精神文化贡献

Abstract: This study conducted a quantitative evaluation of the relationship between biodiversity and human well-being in the Qianjiangyuan region, utilizing a robust indicator system of the contribution of biodiversity to human well-being. Based on multi-source data, including statistics, remote sensing and ground survey, this study evaluated the primary, secondary and tertiary indicators from the perspective of material supply, ecological regulation and spiritual culture, and revealed the spatial distribution differences and dynamic variations of biodiversity contribution to human well-being. The results show that, the spatial heterogeneity of human well-being index in the study area was strong, mainly attributed to the difference in natural resources. The highest human well-being index was observed in Kaihua County and Yushan County. Kaihua County displayed a higher contribution in ecological regulation, while Yushan County excelled in material supply and spiritual culture contributions. The spatial and temporal distribution of the contributions of material supply, ecological regulation and spiritual culture were significantly different. The material contribution exhibited a gradual increasing trend, with Yushan County being the highest and fastest growing in material supply. The ecological regulation contribution initially increased but later decreased. Kaihua County, Wuyuan County and Xiuning County had higher ecological contribution levels, benefiting from their natural advantages and larger forest ecosystem areas. The spiritual culture contribution index was greatly influenced by human subjective factors, with Yushan County standing out in the recreation index. Human well-being index has shown a trend of initial growth followed by a subsequent decline over the past 20 years. Yushan County has been growing with the fastest growth rate, which mainly manifested in the growth of material supply. The growth of material supply is the most significant indicator that contributed to the growth of human well-being in this evaluation system.

Key words: biodiversity, human well-being, material contribution, ecological regulation contribution, spiritual and cultural contribution

中图分类号:

X826

施佩荣, 万华伟, 刘玉平, 王永财, 孙晨曦, 曹铭昌, 余建平. 生物多样性对人类福祉贡献评估:以钱江源地区为例[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(8): 1008-1019.

SHI Pei-rong, WAN Hua-wei, LIU Yu-ping, WANG Yong-cai, SUN Chen-xi, CAO Ming-chang, YU Jian-ping. Assessment on the Contribution of Biodiversity to Human Well-being:Case Study in Qianjiangyuan[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(8): 1008-1019.

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