3种耕作土壤磷随地表径流流失的特征及影响因素

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0117

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 1346-1352.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0117

3种耕作土壤磷随地表径流流失的特征及影响因素

刘娟^1,2, 张淑香³, 宁东卫⁴, 张乃明^1,2

1. 云南农业大学植物保护学院, 云南昆明 650201;
2. 云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室, 云南昆明 650201;
3. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081;
4. 云南农业大学水利学院, 云南昆明 650201

收稿日期:2019-03-04 出版日期:2019-10-25 发布日期:2019-10-23
通讯作者: 张乃明 E-mail:zhangnaiming@sina.com
作者简介:刘娟(1990-),女,四川资中人,博士生,主要从事面源污染防治方面的研究。E-mail:15587214232@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0201208-2）；云南省科技合作计划项目院士工作站（2015IC022）

Characteristics of Phosphorus Runoff Losses and Influencing Factors in Three Cultivated Soils

LIU Juan^1,2, ZHANG Shu-xiang³, NING Dong-wei⁴, ZHANG Nai-ming^1,2

1. College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
2. Yunnan Soil Fertility and Pollution Remediation Laboratory, Kunming 650201, China;
3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
4. College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China

Received:2019-03-04 Online:2019-10-25 Published:2019-10-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黑土、潮土和红壤在我国主要的耕作土壤中占有很大比重。选取黑土、潮土和红壤作为研究对象，采用人工模拟降雨的试验方法，研究了不同降雨强度和土壤磷含量对黑土、潮土和红壤地表径流磷浓度和磷流失量的影响。结果表明：（1）黑土、潮土和红壤径流中ρ（TP）为0.143~1.220 mg·L^-1，ρ（TDP）为0.035~0.474 mg·L^-1，不同类型土壤地表径流中TP和TDP浓度大小顺序为潮土 > 红壤 > 黑土。（2）土壤表层径流中磷浓度大小主要取决于地表有效磷含量，地表径流中TP流失量与土壤磷含量呈指数关系。（3）黑土、潮土和红壤径流中TP和TDP浓度随着降雨强度的增加而增加，不同土壤径流中TP流失量与降雨强度均存在线性关系，潮土的线性关系最好，其次是黑土和红壤。（4）黑土、潮土和红壤地表径流磷流失的主要形态是颗粒态。

关键词: 磷, 地表径流, 非点源污染, 耕作土壤

Abstract: Black soil, fluvo-aquic soil and red soil were the main cultivated soil types in China. A simulated rainfall experiment was conducted to study the effects of different rainfall intensity and phosphorus levels on phosphorus concentration and loss in the above-mentioned 3 kinds of soil types. The results show that:(1)The TP content in black soil, fluvo-aquic soil and red soil runoff ranged from 0.143 to 1.220 mg·L^-1, and the TDP content ranged from 0.035 to 0.474 mg·L^-1. The TP and TDP concentrations in different soil types were in the order of fluvo-aquic soil > red soil > black soil.(2) The concentration of phosphorus in runoff mainly depended on the content of available phosphorus in the surface soil. There was an exponential relationship between TP loss and soil phosphorus level. (3) The concentrations of TP and TDP in black soil, fluvo-aquic soil and red soil runoff increased with the rainfall intensity. There was a linear relationship between total phosphorus loss and rainfall intensity in different soil runoff. The linear relationship of fluvo-aquic soil was the best, followed by black soil and red soil. (4) The main form of phosphorus loss from surface runoff was granular.

Key words: phosphorus, runoff, non-point source pollution, cultivated soil

中图分类号:

S158.5
X522

刘娟, 张淑香, 宁东卫, 张乃明. 3种耕作土壤磷随地表径流流失的特征及影响因素[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(10): 1346-1352.

LIU Juan, ZHANG Shu-xiang, NING Dong-wei, ZHANG Nai-ming. Characteristics of Phosphorus Runoff Losses and Influencing Factors in Three Cultivated Soils[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(10): 1346-1352.

参考文献 17

[1]	叶玉适,梁新强,李亮,等.不同水肥管理对太湖流域稻田磷素径流和渗漏损失的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(4):1125-1135.[YE Yu-shi,LIANG Xin-qiang,LI Liang,et al.Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Managements on Phosphorus Loss via Runoff and Leaching From Paddy Fields in Taihu Lake Basin[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,35(4):1125-1135.]
[2]	林超文,罗春燕,庞良玉,等.不同雨强和施肥方式对紫色土养分损失的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1847-1854.[LIN Chao-wen,LUO Chun-yan,PANG Liang-yu,et al.Effect of Different Fertilization Methods and Rain Intensities on Soil Nutrient Loss From a Purple Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2011,44(9):1847-1854.]
[3]	吕亚敏,吴玉红,李洪达,等.减肥措施对稻田田面水氮、磷动态变化特征的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(4):349-355.[LÜ Ya-min,WU Yu-hong,LI Hong-da,et al.Effects of Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Surface Water of Paddy Field Under Different Fertilizer Rate[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(4):349-355.]
[4]	钱晓雍,沈根祥,黄丽华,等.崇明东滩旱作农田土壤磷素流失及其影响因素[J].生态与农村环境学报,2010,26(4):334-338.[QIAN Xiao-yong,SHEN Gen-xiang,HUANG Li-hua,et al.Loss of Soil Phosphorus From Rain-Fed Cropland and Its Affecting Factors in Dongtan of Chongming[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2010,26(4):334-338.]
[5]	张素霞.黄土高原坡地不同土地利用方式下土壤剖面磷素分布及其有效性研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.[ZHANG Su-xia.Distribution and Availability of Phosphors in Soil Profiles of Slope Land Under Different Land Use of Loess Plateau[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2008.]
[6]	MCLSAAC G F,MITCHELL J K,HIRSCHI M C.Dissolved Phosphorus Concentrations in Runoff From Simulated Rainfall on Corn and Soybean Tillage Systems[J].Journal of Soil & Water Conservation,1995,50(4):383-388.
[7]	田太强.施肥与耕作对紫色土坡耕地地表径流氮磷流失及作物产量的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.[TIAN Tai-qiang.The Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss and Crop Yield Under Different Fertilization Level and Tillage Mode in Slope Cropland of Purple Soil[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2014.]
[8]	SIMS J T,SIMARD R R,JOERN B C.Phosphorus Loss in Agricultural Drainage:Historical Perspective and Current Research[J].Journal of Environment Quality,1998,27(2):277-293.
[9]	黄国勤,赵其国.红壤生态学[J].生态学报,2014,34(18):5173-5181.[HUANG Guo-qin,ZHAO Qi-guo.Initial Exploration of Red Soil Ecology[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(18):5173-5181.]
[10]	鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:12-180.
[11]	袁溪,潘忠成,李敏,等.雨强和坡度对裸地径流颗粒物及磷素流失的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(10):3099-3106.[YUAN Xi,PAN Zhong-cheng,LI Min,et al.Influence of Rainfall Intensity and Slope Gradient on Suspended Substance and Phosphorus Losses in Runoff[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(10):3099-3106.]
[12]	袁敏,文石林,徐明岗,等.湘南红壤丘陵区不同生态种植模式下土壤磷素流失特征[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(11):3162-3168.[YUAN Min,WEN Shi-lin,XU Ming-gang,et al.Characteristics of Soil Phosphorous Loss Under Different Ecological Planting Patterns in Hilly Red Soil Regions of Southern Hunan Province,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(11):3162-3168.]
[13]	SHARPLEY A N,MCDOWELL R W,KLEINMAN P J A.Phosphorus Loss From Land to Water:Integrating Agricultural and Environmental Management[J].Plant and Soil,2001,237(2):287-307.
[14]	李学平,孙燕,石孝均.紫色土稻田磷素淋失特征及其对地下水的影响[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(9):1832-1838.[LI Xue-ping,SUN Yan,SHI Xiao-jun.Characteristics of Phosphorus Leaching and Its Impact on Groundwater in Purple Paddy Soil[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantia,2008,28(9):1832-1838.]
[15]	陈曦,王雪松,贺京哲,等.模拟降雨条件下秦岭北麓土壤磷素流失特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(2):80-87.[CHEN Xi,WANG Xue-song,HE Jing-zhe,et al.Experimental Study on Soil Phosphorus Loss of Northern Area of Qinling Mountains Under Simulated Rainfall[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,30(2):80-87.]
[16]	秦华,李晔,李波,等.人工模拟降雨条件下石灰土养分流失规律[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):1-4,53.[QIN Hua,LI Ye,LI Bo,et al.Nutrient Loss of Limestone Soil Under Artificial Simulated Rainfall[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,30(1):1-4,53.]
[17]	罗春燕,涂仕华,庞良玉,等.降雨强度对紫色土坡耕地养分流失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(4):24-27.[LUO Chun-yan,TU Shi-hua,PANG Liang-yu,et al.Effect of Rain Intensity on Nutrient Losses From Sloping Land of Purple Soil[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,23(4):24-27.]

3种耕作土壤磷随地表径流流失的特征及影响因素

Characteristics of Phosphorus Runoff Losses and Influencing Factors in Three Cultivated Soils

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 17

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	吴文丽, 闫金龙, 江韬, 魏世强. 天然有机质-金属离子/氧化物-磷复合物的研究进展[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(9): 1089-1096.
[2]	于小彦, 杨艳芳, 张平究, 张群, 杜永固. 不同水分条件下生物质炭添加对湿地土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(9): 1163-1171.
[3]	常会庆, 朱晓辉, 郑彩杰, 焦常锋, 王启震, 吴杰. 颗粒无烟煤活性炭去除水体中低浓度磷酸盐研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(8): 1058-1063.
[4]	吴国平, 高孟宁, 唐骏, 陆海鹰, 吴永红. 自然生物膜对面源污水中氮磷去除的研究进展[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(7): 817-825.
[5]	干方群, 徐子昊, 杨一帆, 秦品珠, 唐荣, 杭小帅. 高岭土对畜禽废水中磷的净化效果及其费效分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(6): 795-800.
[6]	刘福兴, 陈桂发, 付子轼, 杨林章, 王俊力. 不同构造生态沟渠的农田面源污染物处理能力及实际应用效果[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(6): 787-794.
[7]	时宇, 黄黄, 冉珊珊, 刘金娥, 苏海蓉, 余培培. 氮磷添加对互花米草-土壤系统碳分配的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(5): 627-633.
[8]	王一楷, 李振国, 陈志彪. 太湖西部沉积物磷形态剖面分布和成因分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(4): 426-432.
[9]	王春雪, 李敏, 陈建军, 舒正文, 李元, 祖艳群, 王昭. 不同牛粪化肥配施比例下水稻田-沟-塘系统的水质及植物特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(4): 506-514.
[10]	唐荣, 丁任丽, 郑诗瑶. 磷掺杂石墨相氮化碳的制备及对磺胺噻唑的可见光催化性能研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(3): 377-384.
[11]	杨欣妍, 魏儒平, 杨柳燕. 污染底泥制备陶粒及除磷潜力研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(3): 368-376.
[12]	姚凯, 敖家林, 徐僡. 花江峡谷岩生草本植物群落及其氮磷计量特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(2): 197-204.
[13]	黄小龙, 郭艳敏, 张毅敏, 吴辰熙, 刘剑彤. 沉水植物对湖泊沉积物氮磷内源负荷的控制及应用[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(12): 1524-1530.
[14]	顾振锋, 王沛芳, 陈娟, 胡斌, 钱进, 娄明月. 望虞河西岸河流氮磷污染状况及其对调水水质的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(11): 1428-1435.
[15]	黄莉, 武慧君, 卫凯平, 王晓旭, 陈晓芳. 居民农产品消费系统氮磷流动环境影响分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(1): 46-54.