大兴安岭中段五岔沟地区蝶类多样性及区系分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0770

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解大兴安岭中段地区蝶类群落结构及地理区系特点，2019年7-8月在五岔沟地区选取山地草甸、山地落叶阔叶林、沼泽草甸、农田和山地针叶林5种生境对蝴蝶多样性进行调查。结果表明，共观测记录蝴蝶5科44属65种856只，蛱蝶科为优势类群，灰蝶科、粉蝶科为常见类群，弄蝶科、凤蝶科为罕见类群。突角小粉蝶（Leptidea amurensis）、阿芬眼蝶（Aphantopus hyperantus）、绿豹蛱蝶（Argynnis paphia）、灿福蛱蝶（Fabriciana adippe）和蛇眼蝶（Minois dryas）为研究区优势种。不同生境蝶类多样性分析结果表明，山地草甸生境多样性指数（3.115 2）和均匀度指数（0.898 8）最高，山地落叶阔叶林生境丰富度指数（6.838 6）最高，农田生境优势度指数（0.089 2）最高。5种生境相似性分析结果表明，不同生境之间物种相似性系数均在0.25~0.50之间，为中等不相似。区系分析结果表明研究区蝶类以古北-东洋界共有种为主（46种），占总数的70.77%。在中国地理区系中，蒙新区分布有65种（100%），其次为东北区，分布有62种（95.38%）。在内蒙古地理区系中，大兴安岭山地亚区分布有65种（100%），其次为内蒙古高原亚区，分布有57种（87.69%）。

关键词: 蝴蝶, 多样性, 群落组成, 生境, 区系

Abstract: In order to understand the community structure and geographical character of butterfly in middle section of Daxing'anling Mountains, the diversity of butterfly in Wuchagou area in five habitats (mountain meadow, mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest, swamp meadow, farmland and mountain coniferous forest) was investigated in July-August, 2019. The results show that 5 families, 44 genera, 65 species, 856 individuals were recorded. The dominant family was Nymphalidae. Lycaenidae and Pieridae were common groups, and Hesperiidae and Papilionidae were rare groups. The dominant species were Leptidea amurensis, Aphantopus hyperantus, Argynnis paphia, Fabriciana adippe and Minois dryas. Analysis of butterfly diversity in different habitat types showed the mountain meadow with highest diversity index (3.115 2) and evenness index (0.898 8), the mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest with the highest abundance index (6.838 6), and the farmland with the highest dominance index (0.089 2). The similarity analysis of five habitats show that the coefficients between different habitats were 0.25-0.50, for medium dissimilarity. The results of the fauna analysis show the dominant of Palaeartic-Oriental common species. As for Chinese Fauna, there were 65 species (100%) recorded in Mongolia-Xinjiang region, followed by Northeast region with 62 species (95.38%). As for the Inner Mongolian fauna, there were 65 species (100%) recorded in Daxing'anling Mountain sub-region, followed by Inner Mogolian Plateau subregion with 57 species (87.69%). These community structure and geographical characters of butterfly is closely related to the geographical location of Wuchagou area.

Key words: butterfly, diversity, community composition, habitat, fauna

中图分类号:

闫伟东, 张莎, 郑洪亮, 方明, 李俊兰. 大兴安岭中段五岔沟地区蝶类多样性及区系分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(9): 1183-1189.

YAN Wei-dong, ZHANG Sha, ZHENG Hong-liang, FANG Ming, LI Jun-lan. Analysis of Diversity and Fauna of Butterfly in Wuchagou Area, Central Part of Daxing'anling Mountains[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(9): 1183-1189.

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