固城湖浮游植物群落结构季节变化及其环境影响因子

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0174

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为评估长江下游重要调蓄湖泊固城湖的生态健康状况,加强对固城湖的管理与保护工作,于2019 年在固城湖开展了4个季度的采样调查。运用浮游植物多样性指数和均匀度指数对固城湖水质状况进行评价,使用多配对样本非参数检验法探究季节尺度下各采样点浮游植物群落的差异性,采用冗余分析(RDA)研究4个季度浮游植物群落特征与环境因子的关系。结果表明:固城湖浮游植物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数全年均值为1.87~2.40,全域均值为2.05;Pielou均匀度指数全年均值为0.46~0.92,全域均值为0.69;水体处于轻-β-中度污染(2<H'≤3,0.5≤J≤0.8)状态;鉴定出浮游植物85属138种;蓝藻门是固城湖全年浮游植物的主要构成门类,其次为绿藻门和硅藻门,浮游植物细胞丰度季节平均值变化范围为5.63×10⁵~1.67×10⁸ L^-1;浮游植物群落结构季节性演替明显,主要优势门类呈绿藻门/硅藻门-蓝藻门-硅藻门/隐藻门-绿藻门变化。全年水域优势种为卷曲鱼腥藻(Anabaena circinalis)、鱼腥藻(Anabaena sp.)、颤藻(Oscillatoria sp.)、席藻(Phormidium sp.)、假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena sp.)及螺旋藻(Spirulina sp.)。冗余分析(RDA)表明,固城湖4个季节浮游植物群落结构主要环境驱动因子分别为总氮浓度(春季)、总磷浓度(夏季)、电导率和高锰酸盐指数(秋季)以及总磷浓度和水深(冬季)。

关键词: 固城湖, 浮游植物群落结构, 季节性变化, 环境因子, RDA分析

Abstract: In order to assess the ecological health of Gucheng Lake-an important regulating lake in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and to enhance the management and protection of Gucheng Lake, four seasons of sampling surveys were carried out in Gucheng Lake in 2019. The phytoplankton diversity index and evenness index methods were used to evaluate the water quality status of Gucheng Lake. The non-parametric test for multiple paired samples was used to explore the variability of the phytoplankton community at each sampling site at the seasonal scale, and redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to investigate the relationship between phytoplankton community characteristics and environmental factors in four seasons. The results show that the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of phytoplankton in Gucheng Lake ranged from 1.87 to 2.40, with a global average of 2.05. The Pielou evenness index ranged from 0.46 to 0.92, with a global average of 0.69, and the water was in a light-β-moderate pollution state. The cyanobacteria are the main phytoplankton species in Gucheng Lake, followed by green algae and diatoms, with the seasonal mean phytoplankton abundance varying from 5.63×10⁵-1.67×10⁸ L^-1. The dominant species are Chlorophyta and Diatom in spring, Cyanophyta in summer, Diatom and Cryptoalgae in autumn and Chlorophyta in winter. The dominant species in the annual waters are Anabaena circinalis., Anabaena sp., Oscillatoria sp., Phormidium sp., Pseudanabaena sp. and Spirulina sp.; RDA analysis shows that the main environmental drivers of phytoplankton community structure in Gucheng Lake are TN in spring, TP in summer, EC and COD_Mn in autumn, and TP and WD in winter.

Key words: Gucheng Lake, characteristics of phytoplankton species, seasonal patterns, environmental factors, redundancy analysis

中图分类号:

X835

丰叶, 王俊, 吴博文, 何菁, 赵小平. 固城湖浮游植物群落结构季节变化及其环境影响因子[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(8): 1042-1050.

FENG Ye, WANG Jun, WU Bo-wen, HE Jing, ZHAO Xiao-ping. Seasonal Variation Characteristics of Phytoplankton Community in Gucheng Lake and the Influential Environmental Factors[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(8): 1042-1050.

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