不同植被类型对黔中山地丘陵区土壤细菌群落特征的影响研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0793

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同植被类型对黔中山地丘陵区土壤性质及细菌群落结构的影响，选取了黔中山地丘陵区广顺农场的灌木丛、针叶林和阔叶林3种植被类型，分析其土壤理化性质，采用高通量测序对土壤细菌16S rRNA基因进行测序。结果表明，针叶林土壤pH值显著低于灌草丛及阔叶林（P<0.05）；阔叶林全氮含量显著高于灌草丛及针叶林（P<0.05）。土壤中共检测到5 501个操作分类单元OTUs，分属42门125纲297目509科1 021属，其中数量上占优势的门包括变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria），变形菌门随植被演替进程呈现出丰度增加趋势，而酸杆菌门反之；数量上占优势的属包括鞘脂杆菌属（Sphingomonas）、链霉菌科（Streptomycetaceae）未定义属、酸杆菌目（Acidobacteriales）未定义属、慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium）和苔藓杆菌属（Bryobacter）等，鞘脂杆菌属丰度随着演替进程呈逐渐增加趋势。不同植被类型下土壤细菌群落多样性存在明显差异（P<0.05），其中以灌草阶段多样性最为丰富。主坐标分析（PCoA）结果表明，不同植被类型土壤细菌群落组成和结构存在差异。细菌群落与环境因子的冗余分析发现，土壤全磷、有效磷含量及容重是影响不同植被类型土壤细菌群落结构的主要影响因子（P<0.05）。

关键词: 土壤细菌, 植被类型, 群落结构, 环境因子

Abstract: In order to study the effects of different vegetation types on soil properties and bacterial community structure in the hilly areas of the central Guizhou, three vegetation types, including shrub, coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest were selected for analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the soils. The 16S rRNA gene of soil bacteria was analyzed by high-Throughput sequence. The results show that soil pH in coniferous forest was significantly lower than in shrubland and broad-leaved forest (P<0.05). The total nitrogen content in broad-leaved forest was significantly higher than shrubland and coniferous forest (P<0.05). A total of 5 501 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the soils were detected, and the OTUs are belonging to 42 phyla, 125 classes, 297 orders, 509 families and 1 021 genera. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were dominant phyla. The abundance of Proteobacteria showed an increasing trend as vegetation succession stages, while the abundance of Actinobacteria showed a opposite trend. Sphingobacillus, unclassified Streptomycetaceae, unclassified Acidobacteriales, Bradyrhizobium and Bryobacter were dominant genus. The abundance of Sphingobacillus showed a gradually increasing trend during vegetation succession stages. The diversity of soil bacterial community was significantly different among different vegetation types (P<0.05), shrubland showed the highest diversity of soil bacterial community. PCoA analysis show that there were differences in the composition and structure of soil bacterial community among different vegetation types. The redundancy analysis show that total phosphorus, available phosphorus and bulk density were the main influencing factors which could affect soil bacterial community structure among different vegetation types (P<0.05).

Key words: soil bacteria, vegetation type, community structure, environmental factors

中图分类号:

Q939.96

杨云礼, 徐明, 邹晓, 陈进, 张姣, 张健. 不同植被类型对黔中山地丘陵区土壤细菌群落特征的影响研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(4): 518-525.

YANG Yun-li, XU Ming, ZOU Xiao, CHEN Jin, ZHANG Jiao, ZHANG Jian. Effects of Different Vegetation Types on the Characteristics of Soil Bacterial Communities in the Hilly Area of Central Guizhou[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(4): 518-525.

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