抗旱和耐盐碱转基因棉花对土壤线虫群落的影响

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.06.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤线虫作为土壤质量的重要指标，已成为转基因作物环境安全性评价的重要内容之一。于2014和2015年，以抗旱转基因棉花013011和耐盐碱转基因棉花013018为对象，研究2种抗逆转基因棉花对棉田土壤线虫群落结构的影响。结果表明，在所有处理中共鉴定出土壤线虫34属，其中，食细菌线虫13属，食真菌线虫3属，捕食性线虫9属，植食性线虫9属，其中优势属均为头叶属（Cephalobus）、真头叶属（Eucephalobus）和螺旋属（Helicotylenchus）。与各自受体对照相比，除了抗旱转基因棉花013011土壤线虫的属丰富度显著降低（P<0.05）、食细菌线虫丰度显著增加（P<0.05）外，各处理其他生态学指标和营养类群并不受性状因素的影响。耐盐碱转基因棉013018及其受体对照棉Q处理棉田土壤线虫总丰度，食细菌线虫丰度、捕食杂食性线虫丰度在不同采样时间之间均存在显著或极显著差异。抗旱转基因棉013011及其受体棉TH2处理棉田土壤线虫通路指数、成熟度指数和植食性线虫指数在不同采样时间之间存在极显著差异。抗旱和耐盐碱转基因棉田与对照田相比，中杆属（Mesorhabditis）和桑尼属（Thornia）个别稀有属土壤线虫相对丰度发生显著变化，而优势属土壤线虫相对丰度无显著变化。

关键词: 抗旱转基因棉花, 耐盐碱转基因棉花, 土壤线虫, 多样性, 群落结构

Abstract:

Being an important indicator of soil quality, soil nematode has been set as one of the critical indices for environmental safety assessment of transgenic crops. During the period of 2014-2015, a field experiment was conducted on effects of drought-resistance transgenic cotton 013011 and salt-tolerance transgenic cotton 013018 on soil nematode community structure. At the end of the experiment, a total of 34 genera of soil nematodes were detected and identified to be 13 genera of bacteria-feeding nematodes, 3 genera of fungi-feeding nematodes, 9 genera of predatory nematodes and 9 genera of herbivorous nematodes, among which Cephalobus, Eucephalobus and Helicotylenchus were dominant ones. Compared with CK planted with corresponding non-transgenic cotton, all the treatments did not vary much in all ecological indices and trophic groups, except in the treatment planted with 013011 where the abundance of soil nematodes dropped drastically, but the abundance of bacteria-feeding ones increased significantly (P<0.05). And in the treatment planted with 013018, the abundance of soil nematodes, bacteria-feeding nematodes and predatory nematodes exhibited significant difference or extremely significant difference from those in CK relative to sampling time. The treatment planted with 013011 also differed significantly or ultra-significantly from the CK planted with TH2, a corresponding non-transgenic cotton in soil nematodes thoroughfare index, maturity index and herbivorous nematodes index relative to sampling time. The comparisons between the treatments planted with 013011 and 013018 and their CKs show that Mesorhabditis and Thornia varied significantly in relative abundance, while dominant genera of soil nematodes did not.

Key words: drought-resistance transgenic cotton, salt-tolerance transgenic cotton, soil nematode, diversity, community structure

中图分类号:

郭佳惠, 李刚, 赵建宁, 杨殿林, 闫凤鸣, 修伟明. 抗旱和耐盐碱转基因棉花对土壤线虫群落的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(6): 541-546.

GUO Jia-hui, LI Gang, ZHAO Jian-ning, YANG Dian-lin, YAN Feng-ming, XIU Wei-ming. Effects of Cultivation of Drought-Resistance and Salt-Tolerance Transgenic Cotton on Soil Nematode Community[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(6): 541-546.

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