厦门海域底栖生物多样性保护目标确定

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0222

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以厦门海域为研究对象，基于填海造地、旅游娱乐、港口航运、渔业和工业5类用海类型共14种用海活动构建定量化的近岸海域利用强度指数。根据1980-2016年海域利用强度和底栖生物多样性数据，建立海域利用强度与底栖生物多样性之间的关系模型，预测不同情景下厦门海域底栖生物多样性保护目标值。结果表明，构建的海域利用强度指数与绝大部分底栖生物多样性指数呈显著负相关，建立的指数基本可靠。底栖生物多样性指数中，香农多样性指数H'与海域利用强度指数建立了显著相关的关系模型，香农多样性指数主要受填海造地、捕捞和工业、生活污水的排放影响。"趋势情景""规划情景"和"优化情景"下，2035年厦门海域底栖生物平均香农多样性指数分别为2.88、3.14和3.06。2035年厦门海域生物多样性保护指标宜设为底栖生物香农多样性指数不低于3.06，应加强西海域和九龙江河口的生物多样性保护和生态修复。

关键词: 底栖生物, 厦门海域, 生物多样性, 海域利用强度, 保护目标

Abstract: Taking Xiamen Sea area as research area, this study designed a quantitative sea area utilization intensity index based on 14 sea use activities of 5 sea use types, including land reclamation, tourism and recreation, port and shipping, fishery and industry. According to the sea area utilization intensity and benthic biodiversity data from 1980 to 2016, the relationship model between sea area utilization intensity index and benthic biodiversity was established to predict the benthic biodiversity protection targets under different scenarios. The results show that the sea area utilization intensity index was significantly negatively correlated with most of the benthic biodiversity indices, which indicate that the designed index is reliable. Among the benthic biodiversity indices, the Shannon diversity index H' was found a significant relationship model with the sea area utilization intensity index by using multiple regression analysis, and was mainly affected by reclamation, fishing, and industrial and domestic sewage discharge. Under the "trend scenario", "planning scenario" and "optimal scenario", the average benthic H' in Xiamen Sea area in 2035 will be 2.88, 3.14 and 3.06, respectively. In 2035, the biodiversity conservation target in Xiamen Sea area should be set as the benthic H' not less than 3.06, and biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration should be strengthened in the Western Sea area and the Jiulong River estuary.

Key words: benthos, Xiamen Sea area, biodiversity, sea area utilization intensity, protection target

中图分类号:

X176

傅世锋, 吴海燕, 蔡晓琼. 厦门海域底栖生物多样性保护目标确定[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(10): 1264-1270.

FU Shi-feng, WU Hai-yan, CAI Xiao-qiong. Determination of the Benthic Biodiversity Protection Targets in Xiamen Sea Area[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(10): 1264-1270.

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