我国土壤环境基准研究的历程与展望

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0558

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 开展土壤环境基准研究是我国生态环境相关法律法规的明确要求,对科学制定土壤生态环境标准具有重要意义。自20世纪70年代以来,随着我国土壤环境容量研究、土壤环境质量标准制定等工作的推进,土壤环境基准领域开展了大量的科学研究工作,取得了较丰富的成果。但是由于土壤环境介质及其相关环境风险的复杂性,目前我国科研与管理人员对土壤环境基准的概念、内涵、研究内容和研究方法等方面尚存在不同见解。当前,在土壤环境管理进入风险管理时代的背景下,土壤环境基准研究既需要基于我国已有的研究方法,又需要密切结合风险评估方法开展。该研究对土壤环境基准的概念和内涵进行了探讨,并建议将建立标准化方法体系、夯实本土数据基础作为近期土壤环境基准研究工作的重点。

关键词: 土壤, 环境基准, 风险评估

Abstract: Research on soil environmental criteria is clearly demanded by laws and regulations in China. It is of great significance to provide scientific basis for soil environmental standards. Since the 1970s, during the study of soil environmental capacity and development of soil environmental quality standards, a lot of scientific researches have been carried out in the field of soil environmental criteria, and substantial results have been achieved. However, due to the inherent complexity of soil as an environmental media and its associated environmental risks, currently there are still different opinions on the concept, connotation, research content and research methods of soil environmental criteria among researchers and administrators in China. In the context that soil environmental management in China is progressing into the era of risk based management, soil environmental criteria research needs to be based on risk assessment methods, and incorporate the established methods in China's soil environmental science studies. This study explores the concept and connotation of soil environmental criteria, and recommends to define the soil environmental criteria as the content of soil contaminants that do not cause adverse effects on specific receptors, including the complete relationship between soil contaminant content (dose) and receptors' adverse effects under specific exposure conditions. At present, the focus of soil environmental criteria research in China is to establish a system of standardized research methods and to consolidate the basis of localized data.

Key words: soil, environmental criteria, risk assessment

中图分类号:

龙涛, 林玉锁, 陈樯. 我国土壤环境基准研究的历程与展望[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(3): 273-281.

LONG Tao, LIN Yu-suo, CHEN Qiang. Progress and Prospect of Soil Environmental Criteria Research in China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(3): 273-281.

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