不同玉米品种对Pb、Cd积累与转运差异研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.1008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 滇东是云南的玉米主产区,同时也是受重金属污染耕地集中分布区。为了筛选出适合在云南滇东地区重金属污染耕地种植的Pb、Cd低积累玉米品种,选取当地农业生产主栽的18种玉米品种开展玉米田间试验,在相同重金属污染土壤背景下探究不同玉米品种间的性状差异,再根据籽粒Pb、Cd含量结合聚类分析,探讨不同玉米品种对Pb、Cd积累与转运系数的差异。结果表明,供试的18种玉米品种根部生物量、产量、株高以及Pb、Cd含量均存在显著差异;除胜玉607籽粒Cd含量超标外,其余17种品种籽粒Pb、Cd含量均符合国家食品安全标准;根据玉米籽粒中Pb、Cd含量,将供试玉米品种分为高、中、低积累品种,宣宏18和胜玉16为Pb、Cd低积累玉米品种;各供试玉米品种籽粒Pb、Cd富集系数和转运系数均小于1。除胜玉607外,其他供试玉米品种均可在云南滇东地区Pb、Cd污染耕地实现安全利用,其中,地沃7号、云良1号和地沃2号为适合在该区域种植的具备高产特性的Pb、Cd低积累玉米品种。

关键词: 玉米, 铅, 镉, 积累, 转运, 品种筛选

Abstract: This study selected the main maize production area of Yunnan, a region high in concentrated heavy metal contamination, to identify maize varieties displaying low lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) accumulation suitable for cultivation. Eighteen maize varieties were selected for field trials to investigate the differences between their characteristics in the same heavy metal-contaminated soil. Cluster analysis was used to examine the Pb and Cd accumulation and transport coefficients according to the seed Pb and Cd content. The results show significant differences between the root biomass, yield, plant height, and Pb and Cd content of the 18 tested maize varieties. Except for Shengyu 607, which exceeded the national food safety standard, the Pb and Cd levels in the other 17 varieties all met the criteria and could be safely used on the Pb- and Cd-contaminated cropland in eastern Yunnan. Among them, Diwo 7, Yunliang 1, and Diwo 2 were suitable for cultivation in this region due to their low Pb and Cd accumulation and high yield capacity.

Key words: maize, lead, cadmium, accumulation, translocation, varieties screening

中图分类号:

X171
S513

刘奇, 王晟, 何涛, 包立, 张乃明. 不同玉米品种对Pb、Cd积累与转运差异研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2024, 40(1): 130-137.

LIU Qi, WANG Sheng, HE Tao, BAO Li, ZHANG Nai-ming. Differences in Lead and Cadmium Accumulation and Translocation in Different Varieties of Zea mays[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2024, 40(1): 130-137.

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