耕地细碎化和劳动力老龄化对水稻化肥施用强度的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0347

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 化肥过量施用已成为中国农业生产中较普遍现象,且小农家庭经营仍是中国当前乃至今后相当长时期内农业经营的主要形式,因此,探究小农户化肥过量施用行为内在机理,是中国农业实现化肥减量增效政策调控的焦点。基于湖北东南地区775份水稻种植户调查数据,采用有序Logit模型分析耕地细碎化和劳动力老龄化对水稻化肥施用强度的影响。结果表明:(1)耕地细碎化和劳动力老龄化对化肥施用强度呈显著正向影响,且耕地细碎化对化肥施用强度的正向影响远大于劳动力老龄化;(2)耕地细碎化和劳动力老龄化对化肥施用强度的影响受地貌类型制约,其中,耕地细碎化对低山丘陵区化肥施用强度的正向影响远大于岗地平原区,而劳动力老龄化对低山丘陵区化肥施用强度的正向影响略大于岗地平原区;(3)耕地质量等级和水稻种植规模对化肥施用强度呈显著负向影响,而稻谷商品化率对化肥施用强度呈显著正向影响。

关键词: 耕地细碎化, 劳动力老龄化, 化肥, 水稻, 地貌差异

Abstract: Excessive application of chemical fertilizers has become a common phenomenon in agricultural production, and small farmers dominated management is still the main form of agricultural management in China. Therefore, exploring the internal mechanism of the excessive application of chemical fertilizers by small farmers is the focus of China's agriculture to reduce the quantity and improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. Based on the survey data collected from 775 rice farmers in southeast Hubei Province, the ordered logit model was employed to analyze the impact of cultivated land fragmentation and labor force aging on chemical fertilizer application intensity of paddy fields. The results indicate that: (1) Cultivated land fragmentation and labor force aging have a significantly positive effect on chemical fertilizer application intensity, and the effect of cultivated land fragmentation on chemical fertilizer application intensity is far greater than that of labor force aging; (2) The influence of labor force aging and cultivated land fragmentation on chemical fertilizer application intensity are restricted by geomorphology types. The effect of labor force aging on chemical fertilizer application intensity in the low mountain and hilly area is slightly larger than that in the downland and plain area, while the effect of cultivated land fragmentation on chemical fertilizer application intensity in the low mountain and hilly area is much greater than that in the downland and plain area; (3) Cultivated land quality and rice planting scale have significantly negative impact on chemical fertilizer application intensity, while rice commercialization rate has significantly positive impact on chemical fertilizer application intensity.

Key words: cultivated land fragmentation, labor force aging, chemical fertilizer, rice, geomorphology heterogeneity

中图分类号:

F323.3
X24

张超正, 陈丹玲, 张旭鹏. 耕地细碎化和劳动力老龄化对水稻化肥施用强度的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(3): 344-352.

ZHANG Chao-zheng, CHEN Dan-ling, ZHANG Xu-peng. Impact of Cultivated Land Fragmentation and Labor Force Aging on Rice Fertilizers Application Intensity[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(3): 344-352.

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